What does 25th April mean for Italians?
In Italy the 25th April is Festa della Liberazione, one of Italy’s most important national holidays. Every year on this date, Italians commemorate the end of the Nazi occupation and Fascist regime in 1945. But this day is not only about looking back — it’s also a celebration of freedom, unity, and democratic values. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at the history behind 25th April, how it’s celebrated today, and even introduce some useful Italian vocabulary to help you talk about it in Italian.
1. The History of 25th April
Why this date?
On 25th April 1945, the Italian resistance movement – known as la Resistenza – launched a major uprising in cities like Milan and Turin, leading to the liberation of northern Italy from Nazi and Fascist forces. Within a few days, Benito Mussolini was captured and executed, and the Second World War was nearing its end on Italian soil.
The Resistenza and the partigiani
The partigiani (partisans) were members of the resistance – ordinary citizens, many of them young, who chose to fight against the Fascist regime and the German occupation. Operating in secret, they played a key role in sabotaging military operations and supporting Allied forces.
Key figures and moments
Among the notable figures of the resistance was Sandro Pertini, who later became President of the Italian Republic. The legacy of these brave men and women lives on, not just in history books but in the values of modern Italy.
2. How Italians Celebrate Liberation Day
Official ceremonies and public speeches
In cities such as Rome, Milan, and Florence, political leaders, mayors, and veterans give public speeches. Wreaths are laid at memorials and monuments dedicated to the resistance and fallen soldiers.
Bella ciao – the anthem of freedom
One of the most iconic elements of this day is the song Bella ciao. Originally a folk song, it became the unofficial anthem of the resistance and is still sung today as a symbol of freedom and anti-fascism. Whether in the streets or on television, its haunting lyrics remind everyone of the price paid for liberty.
Parades, concerts, and cultural events
Across the country, there are parades, live music, film screenings, and exhibitions dedicated to wartime stories and the fight for democracy. Schools may organise special lessons, and museums offer themed activities.
Time outdoors with family and friends
Since the day is a public holiday and often coincides with good spring weather, many Italians also take the opportunity to enjoy a picnic or una gita fuori porta (a day trip). Parks and countryside spots fill up with families enjoying time together.
3. Useful Italian Words and Phrases for 25th April
Want to talk about la Festa della Liberazione in Italian? Here are some helpful words and phrases:
- Resistenza – Resistance
- Partigiani – Partisans
- Libertà – Freedom
- Manifestazione – Demonstration
- Commemorare – To commemorate
- Corteo – Parade
- Discorsi ufficiali – Official speeches
- Antifascismo – Anti-fascism
Try using a few of these in a sentence to practise your Italian!
4. Learn Italian with Bella ciao
Bella ciao is more than a song — it’s a powerful piece of Italian history and a great language learning resource.
I’ve selected a version above that’s not too fast and includes both text and subtitles.
Here’s a simple extract from the lyrics:
Una mattina mi sono alzato
Bella ciao, bella ciao, bella ciao ciao ciao
Una mattina mi son alzato
E ho trovato l’invasor
Let’s break it down:
- Una mattina – One morning
- Mi sono alzato – I got up
- Ho trovato – I found
- L’invasore – The invader
Even if the grammar isn’t always standard (as is common in folk songs), this song is a fantastic way to build vocabulary and explore the rhythm of the language. Try singing along — it’s a moving and memorable way to learn.
An important reminder of recent history
Festa della Liberazione is a powerful reminder of the struggles that shaped modern Italy and the value of democracy and peace. Whether through music, memorials, or moments with loved ones, 25th April invites everyone to reflect on the meaning of freedom.
